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== OUTLOOK (2005-2015) – an ICT Foresight exercise directed by the Research Council of Norway (RCN) ==
 
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''Background''
 
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In autumn of 2002 the RCN launched a comprehensive foresight project as a response to an international evaluation of the Research Council. The evaluation had recommended to initiate foresight to invite to a ‘wider than normal debate about priorities and empower more parts of society in relation to the national research agenda’ (Arnold et al 2001, 118). This recommendation led to the initiation of the ‘Foresight project CREATE’. The project was described as a ‘development and strategy project’ with both ‘theoretical and method-oriented objectives’ (RCN 2006a). It was part of a larger organisational process designed to serve as a new way of informing strategy processes and to help detect possible new research areas of crucial interest to the RCN and to national research development.
 
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''Responsibility''
 
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The foresight project CREATE was a first attempt to use a participatory approach by involving a large number of stakeholders representing research and industry. Five separate foresight projects were organised, covering the areas of aquaculture, clean energy systems, material technology (nanotechnology), biotechnology and ICT. Between thirty and forty external participants were invited to participate in each of the five projects. The projects were headed by foresight project groups consisting of ten to fourteen members, which were responsible for the design, conduct and results of the projects. They included both RCN staff and representatives of research institutes, universities and private companies invited by virtue of their professional backgrounds, experience and perspectives. Responsibility for the projects was thus distributed among different actors within and associated with the RCN. The five project groups had to report to the line management of the three divisions of the RCN and received guidance from a cross-divisional management group. The CREATE project was also required to meet the expectations of three boards overseeing the three divisions.
 
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''Single case study of ICT foresight project OUTLOOK''
 
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The following account is based on my PhD thesis delivered to the University of Oslo in March 2010 which is currently being reviewed by a PhD committee. I conducted a single case study of the ICT foresight project conducted by the RCN in 2004. The case study was based on first hand observation of the process, including observing workshops with forty participants, meetings of the foresight project group, the process of writing scenarios and the final evaluation of the scenarios and the foresight project in relation to the development of a new large ICT research programme. For more information about my thesis see (link). For similar work conducted during my PhD period see Foresight papers (user link).
 
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In this account I have chosen to draw out three issues of foresight approach and scenario development (scenario building link) which address participation, scenario writing and outcome.
 

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